Bjerknessenterets mål er å forstå klima
til nytte for samfunnet.

Publikasjoner 2014 

Bjerknesforskere markert i fet skrift

  1. Alexanderson, H., Backman, J., Cronin, T.M., Funder, S., Ingólfsson, Ó., Jakobsson, M., Landvik, J.Y., Löwemark, L., Mangerud, J., März, C., Möller, P., O'Regan, M., Spielhagen, R.F. (2014).  An Arctic perspective on dating Mid-Late Pleistocene environmental history.  Quaternary Science Reviews 92: 9–31
  2. Anjar, J., Larsen N.K., Håkansson, L., Möller P., Linge, H., Fabel, D., Xu, S. (2014). A 10Be based reconstruction of the Fennoscandian ice sheet's deglaciation in southern Sweden. Boreas 43:  132-148
  3. Azad R., Sortberg A. (2014). The Vorticity Budgets of North Atlantic Winter Extratropical Cyclones life in MERRA Reanalysis, Part II: Lysis Phase. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 71(9): 3129-3143. doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-13-0266.1
  4. Azad R., Sorteberg A. (2014). The Vorticity Budgets of North Atlantic Winter Extratropical Cyclones life in MERRA Reanalysis, Part I: Development Phase. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 71(9): 3109-3128. doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-13-0267.1
  5. Ba, J., Keenlyside, N. S., Latif, M., Park, W., Ding, H., Lohmann, K., Mignot, J., Menary, M., Otterå, O. H., Wouters, B., Salas y Melia, S., Oka, A.,  Bellucci, A., Volodin, E. (2014). A multi-model comparison of Atlantic multidecadal variability. Climate Dynamics, 43: 2333-2348. doi 10.1007/s00382-014-2056-1
  6. Bakker, D., and 79 co-authors including Pfeil, B., Olsen, Johansessen, T., Lauvset, S., Omar, Skjelvan, I., Tjiputra, J. (2014). An update to the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT version 2). Earth System Science Data, 6: 69-90. doi:10.5194/essd-6-69-2014
  7. Bakker, D. C.E., Bange, H. W., Gruber, N.,  Johannessen, T., Upstill-Goddard, R. C., Borges, A. V., Delille, B., Löscher, C. R.,  Naqvi, S. W. A., Omar, A., Santana-Casiano, J. M. (2014). Air-sea interactions of natural long-lived greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, CH4) in a changing climate. In: Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles. Springer 2014 ISBN 978-3-642-25642-4. s. 113-169
  8. Battarbee, R.W., Lamb, H.F., Bennett, K.D., Edwards, M.E., Bjune, A.E., Kaland, P.E., Berglund, B.E., Lotter, A.F., Seppä, H., Willis, K.G., Herzschuh, U., Birks, H.H  (2014) John Birks: Pioneer in quantitative palaeoecology. The Holocene 25: 3-16.
  9. Bhatt, B. C., Sobolowski, S., King, M. P. (2014). Assessment of downscaled current and future projections of diurnal rainfall patterns for the Himalaya. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmosphere, 119: 12533-12545. doi: 10.1002/2114JD022134
  10. Birks, H. H., Aarnes, I., Bjune, A. E., Brooks, S. J., Bakke, J., Kühl, N., Birks, H. J. B. (2014). Lateglacial and early-Holocene climate variability reconstructed from multi-proxy records on Andøya, northern Norway. Quaternary Science Reviews 89: 108–122.
  11. Birks, H. J. B. (2014). A diverse scientific life. Journal of Paleolimnology, 51: 113–137 doi 10.1007/s10933-013-9691-0
  12. Birks, H.H., Birks, H.J.B. (2014). To what extent did changes in July temperature influence late-glacial vegetation patterns in NW Europe? Quaternary Science Reviews, doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.06.024
  13. Birks, H.H., Gelorini, V., Robinson, E., Hoek, W.Z. (2014) Impacts of palaeoclimate change 60 000 – 8000 years ago on humans and their environments: integrating palaeoenvironmental and archaeological data. Quaternary International, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.02.022
  14. Birks, H.J.B. (2014). Challenges in the presentation and analysis of plant-macrofossil stratigraphical data. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 23: 309-330. 10.1007/s00334-013-0430-2
  15. Bjune, A. E. (2014). After 8 years of annual pollen trapping across the tree line in western Norway: are the data still anomalous? Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 23: 299–308
  16. Bjune, A. E., Willis, K. J. (2014). It’s all in the detail: a tribute to Hilary Birks and her contributions to palaeoecology, Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 23: 175–176
  17. Briner, J. P., Svendsen, J. I., Mangerud, J., Lohne, Ø. S., Young, N. E. (2014). A 10Be chronology of south- western Scandinavian Ice Sheet history during the Lateglacial period. Journal of Quaternary Science 29: 370–380
  18. Burt, W. J., Thomas, H., Pätsch, J., Omar, A. M.,  Omar, C., Schrum, C., Daewel, U., Brenner, H.,  De Baar, J. J. W. (2014), Radium isotopes as a tracer of sediment-water column exchange in the North Sea.  Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 28, doi:10.1002/2014GB004825.
  19. Chafik, L. Rossby, T, Schrum, C.  (2014). On the spatial spatial structure and temporal variability of poleward transport between Scotland and Greenland, Journal of Geophysical Research, doi:10.1002/2013JC009287.
  20. Cheddadi, R., Birks, H.J.B., Tarroso, P., Liepelt, S., Gömöry, D., Dullinger, S., Meier, E.S., Hülber, K., Maiorano, L. & Laborde, H. (2014). Revisiting tree-migration rates: Abies alba (Mill.), a case study. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 23: 113-122. 10.1007/s00334-013-0404-4
  21. Chen, L., Benkui, T., Kvamstø, Nils G., Johannessen Ola M. (2014). Wintertime cyclone/anticyclone activity over China and its relation to upper tropospheric jets. Tellus, Series A, Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 66: 21889
  22. Christakos, K, Varlas, G., Reuder, J., Katsafados, P., Papadopoulos, A. (2014). Analysis of a Low-level Coastal Jet off the Norwegian Coast.
Energy Procedia, 53, 162-172, DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.07.225
  23. Chust, G., Allen, J., Bopp, L., Schrum, C., Holt, J., Tsiaras, K., Zavatarelli, M., Chifflet, M., Cannaby, H., Dadou, I., Daewel, U., Wakelin, S., Machu, E., Pushpadas, D., Butenschön, M., Artoli, Y., Petihakis, G., Smith, C., Garçon, V., Goubanova, K., Le Vu, B., Fach, B., Salihoglu, B., Clementi, E., Irigoien, X., (2014). Biomass changes and trophic amplification of plankton in a warmer ocean. Global Change Biology, DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12562.
  24. Ciais, P., and 49 co-authors including Heinze, C. (2014). Current systematic carbon cycle observations and needs for implementing a policy-relevant carbon observing system, Biogeosciences, 11:  3547–3602,  doi:10.5194/bg-11-3547-2014
  25. Ciasto, L. M., Simpkins, G. R., England, M.H. (2014). Teleconnections between Tropical Pacific SST Anomalies and Extratropical Southern Hemisphere Climate. Journal of Climate, 28: 56-65. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-p.14-00438.1
  26. Counillon, F., Bethke, I., Keenlyside, N., Bentsen, M., Bertino, L., Zheng, F. (2014). Seasonal-to-decadal predictions with the ensemble kalman filter and the Norwegian Earth System Model: Atwin experiment. Tellus A, 66: 21074
  27. Cui, X.D., Gao, Y.Q., Sun, J.Q. (2014). The response of the East Asian summer monsoon to strong tropical volcanic eruptions. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 31(6): 1245-1255, doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-3239-8
  28. Cui, X.D., Gao, Y.Q., Sun,J.Q., Guo, D., Li, S.L., Johannessen, O.M.  (2014). Role of external forcing factors in modulating the Indian summer monsoon rainfall, the North Atlantic Oscillation and their relationship on inter-decadal timescale. Climate Dynamics, 43: 2283-2295, DOI: 10.1007/s00382-014-2053-4
  29. Dall’Olmo, G., Mork, K.A. (2014). Carbon export by small particles in the Norwegian Sea, Geophysical Research Letters 41: 2921-2927
  30. Dalpadado, P., Arrigo, K. R., Hjøllo, S. S., Rey, F., Ingvaldsen, R. B., Sperfeld, E., van Dijken, G. L., Stige, L. C., Olsen, A., Ottersen, G. (2014). Productivity in the Barents Sea – response to recent climate variability, PLoS ONE 9, e95273, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095273.
  31. Danabasoglu, G., and 38 co-authors including Bentsen, M., Drange, H. (2014). North Atlantic simulations in Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments phase II (CORE-II). Part I: Mean states.  Ocean Modelling, 73, 76-107, doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2013.10.005
  32. Darelius, E., Makinson, L., Daae, D., Fer, I., Holland, G. P.R., Nichols, K.W. (2014). Hydrography and circulation in the Filchner Depression, Weddel Sea, Antarctica. Journal of Geophysical Research 119, doi:10.1002/2014JC010225 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014JC010225
  33. Darelius, E., Strand, K. O., Østerhus, S., Gammelsrød, T., Årthun, M., Fer, I. (2014). On the seasonal signal of the Filchner Overflow, Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 44: 1230­1243. doi: 10.1175/JPO-D-13-0180.1
  34. Davies, S. M., Abbott, P. M., Meara, R. H., Pearce, N. J. G., Austin, W.E. N., Chapman, M. R., Svensson, A., Bigler, M., Rasmussen, T. L., Rasmussen, S. O., Farmer, E. J. (2014). A North Atlantic tephrostratigraphical framework for 130–60 ka b2k: new tephra discoveries, marine-based correlations, and future challenges. Quaternary Science Reviews DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.03.024
  35. Davy R., Esau, I (2014). Global climate models' bias in surface temperature trends and variability. Environmental Research Letters, 9 114024, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/114024
  36. De Schepper, S., Gibbard, P. L., Salzmann, U., Ehlers, J. (2014). A global synthesis of the marine and terrestrial evidence for glaciation during the Pliocene Epoch, Earth- Science Reviews 135: 83–102, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2014. 04.003
  37. Drinkwater, K.F., Miles, M., Medhaug, I., Otterå, O.H., Kristiansen, T., Sundby S. Gao, Y.Q. (2014). The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation: Its manifestations and impacts with special emphasis on the Atlantic region north of 60oN.  Journal of Marine Systems, 133: 117-130,  doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2013.11.001
  38. Eldevik, T., Risebrobakken, B., Bjune, A. E., Andersson, C., Birks, H. J. B., Dokken, T. M., Drange, H., Glessmer, M. S., Li, C., Nilsen, J. E. Ø., Otterå, O. H., Richter, K., Skagseth, Ø. (2014). A brief history of climate - the northern seas from the Last Glacial Maximum to global warming. Quaternary Science Reviews. doi: 10.1016/ j.quascirev.2014.06.028
  39. Felde, V.A., Bjune, A. E., Grytnes, J. A.,Birk, H. J. B.. (2014). A comparison of novel and traditional numerical methods of the analysis of pollen assemblages from major vegetation- landform types. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 210: 22-36, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2014.06.003
  40. Felde, V.A., Peglar, S.M., Bjune A.E., Grytnes J.-A., Birks, H.J.B. (2014). The relationship between vegetation composition, vegetation zones and modern pollen assemblages in Setesdal, southern Norway. The Holocene, 24: 985. doi: 10.1177/095968361434745
  41. Galaasen, E. V., Ninnemann, U. S., Irvali, N., Kleiven, H. F., Rosenthal, Y., Kissel, C. Hodell, D. A. (2014). Rapid reductions in North Atlantic Deep Water during the peak of the last interglacial period. Science. doi: 10.1126/science.1248667
  42. Gao, Y., Sun, J.,  Li,F.,  He,S., Sandven,S., Yan, Q., Zhang, Z., Lohmann ,K., Keenlyside, N., Furevik,T., Suo, L. (2014). Arctic sea ice and Eurasian climate: a review. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 32, 92-114. http://159.226.119.58/aas/EN/10.1007/s00376-014-0009-6
  43. Garcon, V. C., and 43 co-authors including Olsen, A., Pfeil, B. (2014). Perspectives and Integration in SOLAS Science. In: Liss and M.T. Johnson (eds.), Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles, 307 Springer Earth System Sciences, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-25643-1
  44. Gehlen, M., Séférian, R., Jones, D. O. B., Roy,T., Roth, R., Barry, J.,  Bopp,L, Doney, S.C.,  Dunne, J.P., Heinze, C., Joos, F,  Orr, J.C., Resplandy, L, Segschneider, J., Tjiputra, J.  (2014). Projected pH reductions by 2100 might put deep North Atlantic biodiversity at risk. Biogeosciences, 11: 6955-6967, doi:10.5194/bg-11-6955-2014 www.biogeosciences.net/11/6955/2014/
  45. Gleixner, S., Keenlyside, N., Hodges, K. I., Tseng, W.-L., Bengtsson, L. (2014). An inter-hemispheric comparison of the tropical storm response to global warming. Climate Dynamics, 42: 2147-2157
  46. Glessmer, M. S., Eldevik, T., Våge, K., Nilsen, Jan E. Ø., Behrens, E. (2014). Atlantic origin of observed and modelled Nordic Seas freshwater anomalies, Nature Geoscience, online publication, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2259
  47. Gómez-Navarro, J. J., Werner, J.P., Wagner, S., Luterbacher, J, Zorita, E., (2014). Establishing the skill of climate field reconstruction techniques for precipitation with pseudoproxy experiments. Climate Dynamics http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2388-x
  48. Gong, D.Y., Gao, Y.Q., Guo, D., Mao, R., Yang, J., Hu, M., Gao, M.N. (2014). Interannual linkage between Arctic/NorthAtlantic Oscillation and tropical Indian Ocean precipitation during boreal winter. Climate Dynamics, 42: 1007-1027, DOI 10.1007/s00382-013-1681-4
  49. Griffies, S. M.; and 44 co-authors including Bentsen, B., Drange,  H., Ilicak, (2014). An assessment of global and regional sea level for years 1993-2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations. Ocean Modelling, 78: 35-89, doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2014.03.004
  50. Grytnes, J.A., Kapfer, J., Jurasinski, G., Birks, H.H., Henriksen, H.J., Klanderud, K., Odland, A., Ohlson, M., Walther, G.-R., Wipf, S., Birks, H.J.B. (2014).  Identifying driving factors behind observed species elevational range-shifts on European mountains. Global Ecology and Biogeography,  DOI: 10.1111/geb.12170
  51. Guo D, Gao, Y. Q., Gong D Y. (2014). The seasonal foot printing mechanism of spring Arctic sea ice in the Bergen climate models. Advances in Polar Sciences, 25 (4): 283-288.  doi: 10.13679/j.advps.2014.4.00283
  52. Guo, C., Ilicak, M., Fer, I., Darelius, E., Bentsen, M. (2014). Baroclinic instability of the Faroe Bank Channel Overflow. Journal of Physical Oceanography. doi:10.1175/JPO-D-14-0080.1
  53. Guo, D., Gao, Y.Q., Bethke, I., Gong, D.Y., Johannessen, O.M., Wang, H.J. (2014). Mechanism on how the spring Arctic sea ice impacts the East Asian summer monsoon. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 115: 107-119, DOI: 10.1007/s00704-013-0872-6
  54. Hand, R., Keenlyside, N., Omrani, N.-E., Latif,M. (2014). Simulated response to inter-annual SST variations in the Gulf Stream region. Climate Dynamics, 42: 715-731.
  55. Hattermann, T., Smedsrud, L.H, Nøst, O.A., Lilly, J.M, Galton-Fenzi, B.K. (2014). Eddy-resolving simulations of the Fimbul Ice Shelf cavity circulation: Basal melting and exchange with open ocean. Ocean Modelling 82 28  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2014.07.004
  56. Heinze, C. (2014). The role of the ocean carbon cycle in climate change, European Review 22 (1): 97–105 DOI: 10.1017/S1062798713000665
  57. Heiri, O., and 28 co-authors including Birks, H.J.B. & Birks, H.H. (2014). Validation of climate model-inferred regional temperature change for late-glacial Europe. Nature Communications 5: 4914, 10.1038/ncomms5914
  58. Heiri, O., Brooks, S.J.,Renssen, H., Bedford, A., Hazekamp, M., Ilyashuk , B., Jeffers, E.S., Lang, B., Kirilova, E., Kuiper, S., Millet, L., Samartin, S., Toth, M., Verbruggen, F., Watson, J.E., van Asch, N., Lammertsma, E., Amon, L., Birks, H.H., Birks, H.J.B., Mortensen, M.F., Hoek, W.Z., Magyari, E., Sobrino, C.M., Seppä, H., Tinner W.,Tonkov, S., Veski, S., & Lotter, A.F. (2014). Validation of climate model-inferred regional temperature change for late-glacial Europe. Nature Communications, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5914
  59. Hennissen, J. A. I., Head, M. J., De Schepper, S., and Groeneveld, J. (2014). Palynological evidence for a southward shift of the North Atlantic Current at ~2.6 Ma during the intensification of late Cenozoic Northern Hemisphere glaciations. Paleoceanography 28, doi:10.1002/ 2013PA002543.
  60. Henriksen M, Landvik, J.Y, Peterson G, Alexanderson H, Linge H. (2014). Dynamics and retreat of the Late Weichselian Kongsfjorden ice stream, NW Svalbard. Quaternary Science Reviews 92: 235-245
  61. Hessler, I., Harrison, S. P., Kucera, M., Waelbroeck, C., Chen, M. T., Andersson, C., de Vernal, A., Fréchette, B., Cloke-Heyes, A., Leduc, G., Londeix, L. (2014). Implications of methodological uncertainties for mid-Holocene sea surface temperature reconstructions. Climate of the Past, 10 (6): 2237-2252
  62. Hezel, P.J., T.Fichefet, F. Massonnet (2014). Modeled Arctic sea ice evolution through 2300 in CMIP5 extended in CMIP5 extended RCPs. The Cryosphere. 8: 1195-1204. doi: 10.5194/tc-8-1195-2014
  63. Hill, D. J., Haywood, A. M., Lunt, D. J., Hunter, S. J., Bragg, F. J., Contoux, C., Stepanek, C., Sohl, L., Rosenbloom, N. A., Chan, W.-L., Kamae, Y., Zhang, Z.-S., Abe-Ouchi, A., Chandler, M. A., Jost, A., Lohmann, G., Otto-Bliesner, B. L., Ramstein, G., Ueda, H. (2014). Evaluating the dominant components of warming in Pliocene climate simulations. Climate of the Past 10: 79­90, doi:10.5194/cp-10-79-2014
  64. Hoffman, F., Randerson, J., Arora, V., Bao, Q., Cadule, P., D. Ji, Jones, C., Kawamiya, M., Khatiwala, S., Lindsay, K., Obata, A., Shevliakova, E., Six, K., Tjiputra, J., Volodin, E., Wu, T.  (2014). Causes and implications of persistent atmospheric carbon dioxide biases in Earth System Models. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 119: 141-162
  65. Holt, J., Schrum, C., Cannaby, H., Deawel, U, Allen, I., Artioli, Y., Bopp, L., Butenschon, M, Fack, B., Harle, J.,Pushpadas, D., Slihoglu, B.,Wakelin, S. (2014). Physical processes mediating climate change impacts on regional sea ecosystems, Biosciences Discuss, 11: 1909-1975, doi:10.5194/bgd-11-1909-2014
  66. Ilicak, M., (2014). Energetics and mixing efficiency of lock-exchange flow. Ocean Modelling, 83:  1-10, 10.1016/j.ocemod2014.08.003
  67. Ilicak, M.  Adcroft, A., Legg, S. (2014). A framework for parameterization of heterogeneous ocean convection. Ocean Modelling, 82: 1-14 D
  68. Ivanova, N., Johannessen, O.M, Pedersen, L.T, and Tonboe, R.T. (2014). Retrieval of Arctic Sea Ice Parameters by Satellite Passive Microwave Sensors: A Comparison of Eleven Ice Algorithms, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 52 (11):doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2014.2310136
  69. Johannessen, J.A., Raj, R.P, Nilsen, J.E.Ø., Pripp, T.,Knudsen, P., Counillon, F., Stammer, D., Bertino, L.,  Serra, N. (2014). Toward Improved Estimation of the Dynamic Topography and Ocean Circulation in the High Latitude and Arctic Ocean: the Importance og GOCE. Surveys in Geophysics, 35(3): doi:10.1007/s10712-013-9270-y.
  70. Katragkou, E., García-Díez, M., Vautard, R., Sobolowski, S.,  Zanis, P., Alexandri, G.,  Cardoso, R. M. , Colette, A., Fernández, J., Gobiet, A., Goergen, A., Karacostas, T., Knist, S.,  Mayer, S., Soares,P.M.M., Pytharoulis, I., Tegoulias, T., Tsikerdekis, A. Jacob, C. (2014). Hindcast regional climate simulations within EURO-CORDEX: evaluation of a WRF multi-physics ensemble. Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., 7: 6629-6675
  71. Keenlyside N., Omrani, N.E.  (2014). Has a warm North Atlantic contributed to recent European cold winters? Environmental Research Letters 9 061001. IOP Publishing
  72. Kotilainen, A. T. , Arppe, L., Dobosz, S., Jansen, J. , Kabel, K., Karhu, J., Kotilainen, M.M.  Kuijpers, A., Lougheed, B.C., Markus Meier H.E.,  Moros, M.,  Neumann, T., Porsche, C., Poulsen, N.,  Rasmussen, P.,  Ribeiro, S., Risebrobakken, B., Ryabchuk, D. Schimanke, S., Snowball, I., Spiridonov, M., Virtasalo, J.J., Weckström, K., Witkowski, A., Zhamoida, V. (2014). Echoes from the past: A healthy Baltic Sea requires more effort. Ambio 43 (1): 60-68
  73. Krogsæter, O., Reuder, J. (2014).
Validation of boundary layer parameterization schemes in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) under the aspect of offshore wind energy applications - Part I: Average wind speed and wind shear.
Wind Energy, DOI: 10.1002/we.1727
  74. Krogsæter, O., Reuder, J. (2014).
Validation of boundary layer parameterization schemes in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) under the aspect of offshore wind energy applications - Part II: Boundary layer height and atmospheric stability.
Wind Energy, DOI: 10.1002/we.1765
  75. Kumer, V.-M., Reuder, J., Furevik, B. R. (2014).
A comparison on LiDAR and radiosonde wind measurements.
Energy Procedia, 53: 214-220, DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.07.230
  76. Landa, C.S., Ottersen, G., Sundby, S., Dingsør, G.E., Stiansen, J.E. (2014). Recruitment, distribution boundary and habitat temperature of an arcto-boreal gadoid in a climatically changing environment: a case study on Northeast Arctic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus). Fisheries Oceanography 23(6), 506-520
  77. Langebroek, P. M., Nisancioglu, K.H. (2014). Simulating last interglacial climate with NorESM: role of insolation and greenhouse gases in the timing of peak warmth. Climate of the Past 10: 1305–1318
  78. Lappalainen H.K., and 36 co-authors including Esau, I (2014). Introduction: Pan Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) - A research initiative meeting the grand challenges of the changing environment of the Northern Pan-Eurasian Arctic-Boreal areas, Geography, Environment, Sustainability , 2:14-48
  79. Larsen NK, Funder S, Kjær KH, Kjeldsen KK, Knudsen MF, Linge H. (2014). Rapid early Holocene ice retreat in West Greenland. Quaternary Science Reviews 92: 310-323
  80. Laruelle, G. G., Lauerwald, R., Pfeil, B., Regnier, P. (2014). Regionalized global budget of the CO2exchange at the air-water interface in continental shelf seas. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 28: 1199­1214, doi:10.1002/2014GB004832.
  81. Laumann, T., Nesje, A. (2014).  Spørteggbreen, western Norway, in the past, present and future: Simulations with a two-dimensional dynamical glacier model. The Holocene, doi: 10.1177/0959683614530446.
  82. Lauvset, S. K., Gruber, N. (2014). Long-term trends in surface ocean pH in the North Atlantic.  Marine Chemistry 162: 71–76. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2014.03.009
  83. Le Quéré, C., and 62 co-authors including Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Pfeil, B., (2014). Global Carbon Budget 2014. Earth System Science Data Discussions, DOI:10.5194/essdd-7-521-2014
  84. Lee, H., S. C. Swenson, A. G. Slater, D. M. Lawrence (2014). Effects of excess ground ice on projections of permafrost in a warming climate. Environmental Research Letters 9 124006. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/9/12/124006
  85. Li, F., Wang, H.J., Gao, Y.Q. (2014). Modulation of Aleutian Low and Antarctic Oscillation co-variability by ENSO. Climate Dynamics, doi: 10.1007/s00382-014-2134-4
  86. Li, F., Wang, H.J., Gao, Y.Q. (2014). On the strengthened relationship between the East Asian winter monsoon and Arctic Oscillation: A comparison of 1950-1970 and 1983-2012. Journal of Climate, 27(13): 5075-5091, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00335.1
  87. Li, L.; Xu, C-Y; Zhang, Z.; Jain, S. K. (2014). Validation of a new meteorological forcing data in analysis of spatial and temporal variability of precipitation in India. Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment, 28(2): 239-252
  88. Lien, V. S., Ådlandsvik, B. (2014). Bottom water formation as a primer for spring-blooms on Spitsbergenbanken? Journal of Marine Systems, 130: 241-247, doi: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.11.018
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